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Sir Winston Churchill: A biography

The aim of this page is to give a brief introduction to the career of Sir Winston Churchill, and to reveal the main features of both the public and the private life of the most famous British Prime Minister of the twentieth century.

The Child

Winston Churchill was born into the privileged world of the British aristocracy on November 30, His father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a younger son of the 7th Duke of Marlborough. His mother, Jennie Jerome, was the daughter of an American business tycoon, Leonard Jerome.

Winston’s childhood was not a particularly happy one. Like many Victorian parents, Lord and Lady Randolph Churchill were distant. The family Nanny, Mrs Everest, became a surrogate mother to Winston and his younger brother, John S Churchill.

The Soldier

After passing out of Sandhurst and gaining his commission in the 4th Hussars in February , Churchill saw his first shots fired in anger during a semi-official expedition to Cuba later that year. He enjoyed the experience which coincided with his 21st birthday.

In Churchill saw more action on the North West Frontier of India, fighting against the Pathans. He rode his grey pony along the skirmish lines in full view of the enemy. “Foolish perhaps,” he told his mother, &#;but I play for high stakes and given an audience there is no act too daring and too noble.” Churchill wrote about his experiences in his first book The Story of the Malakand Field Force (). He soon became an accomplished war reporter, getting paid large sums for stories he sent to the press – something which did not make him popular with his senior officers.

Using his mother’s influence, Churchill got himself assigned to Kitchener’s army in Egypt. While fighting against the Dervishes he took part in the last great cavalry charge in British history – at the Battle of Omdurman in

The Politician

Churchill was first elected to parliament in shortly before the death of Queen Victoria. He took his

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  • Winston Churchill as a writer

    Writing career of the British politician

    This article is about the literary career of the British statesman. For the American novelist of the same name, see Winston Churchill (novelist).

    Winston Churchill, in addition to his careers as a soldier and politician, was a prolific writer under the variant of his full name "Winston S. Churchill". After being commissioned into the 4th Queen's Own Hussars in Churchill gained permission to observe the Cuban War of Independence, and sent war reports to The Daily Graphic. He continued his war journalism in British India, at the Siege of Malakand, then in the Sudan during the Mahdist War and in southern Africa during the Second Boer War.

    Churchill's fictional output included one novel and a short story, but his main output comprised non-fiction. After he was elected as an MP, over of his speeches or parliamentary answers were also published in pamphlets or booklets; many were subsequently published in collected editions. Churchill received the Nobel Prize in Literature in "for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory in defending exalted human values".

    Writing career

    In Winston Churchill was commissioned cornet (second lieutenant) into the 4th Queen's Own Hussars. His annual pay was £, and he calculated he needed an additional £ to support a style of life equal to that of other officers of the regiment. To earn the required funds, he gained his colonel's agreement to observe the Cuban War of Independence; his mother, Lady Randolph Churchill, used her influence to secure a contract for her son to send war reports to The Daily Graphic. He was subsequently posted back to his regiment, then based in British India, where he took part in, and reported on the Siege of Malakand; the reports were published in The Pioneer and The Daily Telegraph. The reports formed the basis of his first book, The Story of the

    Sir Winston Churchill

    David Cameron’s Favourite Past Prime Minister

    Winston Churchill was born on 30 November , in Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire and was of rich, aristocratic ancestry. Although achieving poor grades at school, his early fascination with militarism saw him join the Royal Cavalry in As a soldier and part-time journalist, Churchill travelled widely, including trips to Cuba, Afghanistan, Egypt and South Africa.

    Churchill was elected as Conservative MP for Oldham in , before defecting to the Liberal Party in and spending the next decade climbing the ranks of the Liberal government. He was First Lord of the Admiralty (the civil/political head of the Royal Navy) by the time of the disastrous Gallipoli campaign, which he created. Heavily criticised for this error, he resigned from this position and travelled to the Western Front to fight himself.

    The interwar years saw Churchill again ‘cross the floor’ from the Liberals, back to the Conservative Party. He served as Chancellor of the Exchequer from , when he controversially opted for Britain to re-join the Gold Standard. Following the Tory electoral defeat in , Churchill lost his seat and spent much of the next 11 years out of office, mainly writing and making speeches. Although he was alone in his firm opposition to Indian Independence, his warnings against the Appeasement of Nazi Germany were proven correct when the Second World War broke out in

    Following Neville Chamberlain’s resignation in , Churchill was chosen to succeed him as Prime Minister of an all-party coalition government.

    Churchill, who also adopted the self-created position of Minister for Defence, was active both in administrative and diplomatic functions in prosecuting the British war effort. Some of his most memorable speeches were given in this period, and are credited with stimulating British morale during periods of great hardship. However, Labour leader Clement Attlee’s unexpected General Election victory in saw Churchill out

    Winston Churchill

    British statesman and author (–)

    "Churchill" redirects here. For other uses, see Churchill (disambiguation) and Winston Churchill (disambiguation).

    The Right Honourable

    Sir Winston Churchill

    KG OM CH TD DL FRS RA

    The Roaring Lion,

    In office
    26 October &#;– 5 April
    Monarchs
    DeputyAnthony Eden
    Preceded byClement Attlee
    Succeeded byAnthony Eden
    In office
    10 May &#;– 26 July
    MonarchGeorge VI
    DeputyClement Attlee (de facto; –)
    Preceded byNeville Chamberlain
    Succeeded byClement Attlee

    Senior political offices

    In office
    8 October &#;– 25 September
    Preceded byDavid Grenfell
    Succeeded byRab Butler
    In office
    26 July &#;– 26 October
    Prime MinisterClement Attlee
    Preceded byClement Attlee
    Succeeded byClement Attlee
    In office
    9 October &#;– 6 April
    Preceded byNeville Chamberlain
    Succeeded byAnthony Eden
    Born

    Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill


    ()30 November
    Blenheim, Oxfordshire, England
    Died24 January () (aged&#;90)
    London, England
    Resting placeSt Martin's Church, Bladon, Oxfordshire
    Political partyConservative(–, –)
    Other political
    affiliations
    Liberal (–)
    Spouse
    Children5, including Diana, Randolph, Sarah and Mary
    Parents
    Education
    Occupation
    Civilian awardsFull list
    Signature
    Branch/service
    Years&#;of service
    RankFull list
    Unit
    Commands6th bn, Royal Scots Fusiliers
    Battles/wars
    Military awardsFull list

    Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November – 24 January ) was a British statesman, military officer, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from to (during the Second World War) and again from to For some 62 of the years between and , he was a member of parliament (MP) and represented a total of five constituencies o

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